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In other words, it's a gamble. .
The reverse is also true. If computational power is taken from the network, the problem adjusts downward to earn mining easier. .
"Say I tell three friends I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't have to guess the exact number, they simply have to be the very first person to guess any number that is less than or equal to this number I'm thinking of.
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"Let's say I am thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they shed because 21>19. If Friend B supposes 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they have both technically came at workable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There is no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the goal answer of 19. .
"Now imagine that I present the'imagine what number I'm thinking of' question, but I am not asking only three friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I am asking millions of prospective miners and I'm thinking of a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer." .
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If 1 in seven trillion doesn't sound difficult enough as is, here is the catch to the grab. Not only do bitcoin miners have to think of the right hash, but they also must be the first to perform it.
Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the ideal answer before another miner has everything to do with how fast your computer can create hashes. Just a decade ago, bitcoin miners could be carried out competitively on normal desktop computers. Over time, however, miners realized that pictures cards commonly used for video games were more capable of mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the game.
These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands. .
Nowadays, bitcoin mining is so aggressive that it can only be done profitably with all the latest up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or older models of ASICs, the cost of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit available, one pc is rarely enough to compete with what what miners call"mining pools" .
An mining pool is a group of miners that combine their computing ability and split the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately large number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90 percent of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion odds, scaling difficulty levels, and the massive network of users verifying transactions, one block of transactions is confirmed roughly every 10 minutes. But its important to remember that 10 minutes is a target, not a guideline.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain every 10 minutes. As the network of bitcoin consumers continues to grow, but the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.
This issue at the center of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. While bitcoin miners generally agree that something must be done in order to address scaling, there is less consensus about how can it. At the time of writing, there are two big solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to decrease the amount of information needed to confirm each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that every block can store.
Solution 2 will deal with scaling by allowing for much more information to be processed every 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing roughly 80% to 90 percent of the networks computing electricity voted to incorporate a program that will decrease the amount of data needed to confirm each block. That is, they went with Solution 1.
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The app which miners voted to increase the bitcoin protocol is called a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to separate, and published here Witness, which next page describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures out of a block and join them within an extended block.